Understanding Dementia and Alzheimer's: A Compassionate Guide

The Distinction Between Dementia and Alzheimer's

Often, dementia and Alzheimer's are misunderstood. Alzheimer's has become the fallback term for dementia symptoms, leading to confusion about the differences between the two.

So, what is the difference?

Dementia is a term that refers to cognitive decline affecting our daily lives. It can begin with simple forgetfulness. Many of us misplace our keys or forget appointments, which is common. However, dementia represents something much more significant.

Dementia impacts our mental abilities, affecting thinking, decision-making, and memory. It can create challenges in problem-solving and understanding the concepts of time. For instance, individuals with dementia may struggle to differentiate between the past, present, and future. Additionally, dementia can impair spatial and visual abilities, leading to falls. Poor coordination is also a concern. When we think of older adults as being absent-minded, it could be an early sign of dementia.

The Severity of Dementia

The severity of dementia can vary widely. Some individuals may live many years with mild dementia. However, it is important to note that dementia is progressive, meaning it will continue to worsen over time.

Causes of Dementia

Now that we have a basic understanding of dementia, let's explore the various causes and conditions that lead to cognitive decline. Many diseases can cause dementia, including Parkinson's disease, vascular events like strokes, traumatic brain injuries, diabetes, chronic alcoholism, and drug use. Notably, approximately three-quarters of dementia cases are attributed to Alzheimer's disease. This is why many people simply label an older adult with cognitive impairment as having Alzheimer's.

Focusing on Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer's is a neurodegenerative disease that is progressive in nature. Currently, there is no cure, and we can only manage its symptoms. Alzheimer's affects memory and thinking. Essentially, brain cells degenerate, and neurotransmitters are destroyed, impacting memory, bodily functions, and mental capacity. Adults with Alzheimer's often experience severe memory loss and confusion. In the later stages, it can affect blood flow to organs, swallowing, and even breathing.

A Common Misconception

While many older adults appear to experience dementia or Alzheimer's, it is crucial to understand that this is not a normative part of aging. In fact, 80% of older adults do not have dementia and lead normal lives.

Medication and Management Options

Many doctors prescribe medications to slow the progression of dementia. However, there has been no substantial evaluation showing clear benefits from these treatments. In fact, some studies indicate negative side effects from these prescriptions. Adults with Alzheimer's may face issues with sleep, circadian rhythms, anxiety, and behavioral volatility. Extreme changes in behavior can significantly impact caregiving and daily support.

While prescribed treatments, including psychotropics, sleep medications, antidepressants, and anti-anxiety medications, are common, they are not the only options available. Many alternative solutions can help minimize behavioral disturbances. It is important to remember that everything we consume can have secondary effects, whether positive or negative. This includes psychotropics, sleep aids, and antidepressants, which can exacerbate symptoms in individuals with Alzheimer's.

As many of you know, I advocate for alternative and natural options as first and second choices, reserving prescriptions as a third option. We will discuss this further in another blog or session.

Conclusion: Finding Clarity and Support

In summary, dementia is a term that encompasses cognitive decline caused by various conditions and diseases, with Alzheimer's being the most common. Vascular dementia, strokes, and heart attacks also contribute significantly. I hope this information provides clarity as you navigate these challenges.

As a caregiver, understanding how to support your loved one with dementia or Alzheimer's is vital. Exploring alternative solutions can offer comfort and minimally invasive support.

Thank you for reading!

Dr. Holzner

"Never to be squandered, the beauty of another human being"